Abstract : The research of an adequate organization for enterprises has behaved many authors to make theories of their experiences in matter organization and administration. Industrial and university milieu exit, a real science is little by little constituted. However, the development of this preoccupation of the administration of firms offers a such documentary diversity that it altered the coherence. This state of fact guides this work that follows under the form a chronological study of the duality between stemming currents of rational thinks and empirical to find a convergence in the system approach.